Industrial Property Protection Act · Chapter Six
Unfair competition under the Act
Not every commercial harm flows from infringing a registered right. Article 129 names six acts the law treats as unfair competition. Our team explains what each one reaches, how it differs from trademark or patent infringement, and what a claimant must show.
One article
Six acts
Act
1
Disparaging a competitor
False statements that erode trust in a competitor.
Article 129(1)
Act
2
Causing confusion
Imitation so close that customers mistake one source for another.
Article 129(2)
Act
3
Misleading claims about own goods
False or misleading claims about one's own products.
Article 129(3)
Act
4
Comparative advertising
Comparisons that distort the truth and damage a rival.
Article 129(4)
Act
5
Genuine vs. licensed goods
Licensed goods of lower quality sold as if they were the original.
Article 129(5)
Act
6
Price collusion
Concerted pricing aimed at driving competitors out.
Article 129(6)
A closing proviso to Article 129 places one thing outside its reach: an expert opinion issued by a competent specialist authority, within its lawful remit, about goods or services is not an act of unfair competition. Read Article 129 in full →
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